| General |
Government Weimar Republic
Government Weimer Republic
World War, 1st
| | Biographies |
Cuno, Wilhelm Carl Josef
Ebert, Friedrich
Erzberger, Mathias
Marx, Wihelm
Muller, Hermann
Papen, Franz von
Rathenau, Walter
Stressman, Gustav
Wirth, Karl Joseph
| | Places |
Cannes
Paris
River Rhine
Ruhr
Versailles
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Reparations
History of Germany
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| | 1918 | Ebert, Friedrich | |
| At the conclusion of World War I, Germany reluctantly agrees to pay unspecified reparations in the armistice agreement of November 1918
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| 1919 | Erzberger, Mathias | |
| 28th June Versailles At Versailles Germany sign a treaty that assigns full responsibility for causing the conflict (Article 231, the "war guilt clause") and calls for the creation of an international reparations commission to determine the amount due to the Allies
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| 1921 | Wirth, Karl Joseph | |
| 24th Jan Paris The Paris Conference fixes German war reparations
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| April Reparations payments are to be made in cash or by such in-kind commodities as steel and coal
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| April The reparations bill is tallied when the Reparations Commission determines that damages caused by Germany amount to $33 billion or 133 billion gold marks
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| 27th April Allied Reparations Committee levels 33 billion war reparations debt onto Germany; commands the handing over of 26% of all exports for 42 years and puts the Germans immediately into 12 billion in arrears
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| 5th May The London Ultimatum sets the total sum of the war indemnity at 132 billion marks
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| Sep An economic crisis grips Germany which causes runaway inflation and ends additional reparations installments
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| Sep An initial payment of $250 million reparations is made
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| 1922 | Cuno, Wilhelm Carl Josef | |
| Allied governments grant Germany a temporary moratorium on reparations payments in the hope that their economy would recover and enable the resumption of regular installment payments, France bitterly opposes the moratorium
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| 1922 | Ebert, Friedrich | |
| Oct France is willing to accept raw material instead of currency for German reparations
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| 1922 | Rathenau, Walter | |
| Cannes Secures a reduction of reparation payments
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| 1923 | Cuno, Wilhelm Carl Josef | |
| 13th Jan Ruhr German Chancellor Cuno declares "passive resistance", strikes, riots and bloody clashes of the occupation troops with workers are common
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| 1923 | Marx, Wihelm | |
| Jan Ruhr At the end of the reparations moratorium, Germany cannot resume payments and defaults, France, accompanied by a token Belgium force, marches into the Ruhr Valley and sets up a military occupation
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| 1923 | Stressman, Gustav | |
| 26th Sep New Chancellor Gustav Streseman ends the passive resistance during French occupation of the Ruhr
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| 1924 | Marx, Wihelm | |
| River Rhine At the London Conference gets agreement for Allied withdrawal from the Rhineland
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| River Rhine The Dawes Plan, the US vice president helps to craft a plan for annual German installment payments, but avoids the more troublesome issue of the total amount owed
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| 1928 | Muller, Hermann | |
| The Young Plan, a prominent US financier works to fashion a precise new German reparations formula to replace the Dawes Plan
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| 1932 | Papen, Franz von | |
| 9th July At the Conference in Lausanne reparations are fixed on a final sum of 3 billion Goldmarks, this gives a total of paid reparations of 53 Billion Goldmarks
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