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| 1868 | Birth |  |
| 18th May Birth of Nicholas II |
| 1894 | Marriage | |
| Marries Alexandria of Hesse, granddaughter of Queen Victoria |
| 1894 | Succession | |
| Succeeds as Tsar of Russia, Eldest son of Alexander III |
| 1897 | Capture of Port Arthur | |
| Port Arthur The Russians capture Port Arthur from the Chinese |
| 1898 | Rule of Port Arthur | |
| Port Arthur Russia takes a lease on Port Athur from China |
| 1899 | Conference of Hague Peace, 1st | |
| 18th May Hague, The The First Hague Peace Conference opened in the Netherlands as 26 nations meet on World Goodwill Day, the destruction or seizure of enemy property with no military value is banned at the convention |
| 1899 | Diplomacy | |
| 18th May Hague, The The First Hague Peace Conference opened in the Netherlands as 26 nations meet on World Goodwill Day, the destruction or seizure of enemy property with no military value is banned at the convention |
| 1899 | Hague Peace Conference | |
| 18th May Hague, The The First Hague Peace Conference opened in the Netherlands as 26 nations meet on World Goodwill Day, the destruction or seizure of enemy property with no military value is banned at the convention |
| 1900 | Capture of Manchuria | |
| Manchuria Russia captures Manchuria during the Boxer Rebellion but returns it afterwards |
| 1901 | Assassination | |
| 27th Feb Students assassinate the Minister of Propaganda |
| 1901 | Rebellion | |
| 27th Feb Students assassinate the Minister of Propaganda |
| 1902 | Earthquake | |
| Caucasus An earthquake kills 2000 |
| 1902 | Rebellion | |
| Moscow A student rebellion takes place at Moscow University |
| 1903 | Declaration of War | |
| Dec Japan decides to go to war with Russia |
| 1903 | Decree Armenian Church | |
| Caucasus A Tsarist decree confiscates all the property of the Armenian Church in the Caucasus |
| 1903 | Diplomacy | |
| 13th Feb Chateau d'Eau Russia & Austria jointly demand Turkey make reforms in the Balkans |
| 1903 | Dismissal | |
| Aug Dismisses Witte as Minister of Finance |
| 1903 | Invasion of Manchuria | |
| Feb Manchuria Agrees to the Russian annexation of Manchuria |
| 1904 | Battle of Liaoyang | |
| 17th Aug Liaoyang The Russians are forced to rerteat to Mukden |
| 1904 | Capture of Port Arthur | |
| 6th Dec Port Arthur The Japanese capture Port Arthur |
| 1904 | Constitution | |
| 12th Dec Changes agreed by the Tsar become law, still no representitive form of government |
| 12th Dec The Zemstvo are given a broader national & local role |
| 1904 | Mobilization | |
| Oct Libau The Russian Baltic Fleet leaves Libau to turn the war |
| 9th Oct Orders the Baltic Fleet of 45 ships 18,000 miles to fight Japan |
| 1904 | Siege of Port Arthur | |
| 8th Feb Port Arthur Japan attacks Port Arthur beginning the Russo-Japanese War |
| 6th Dec Port Arthur The Japanese capture Port Arthur |
| 1904 | Siege of Port Arthur | |
| 20th Dec Port Arthur Port Arthur surrenders to the Japanese |
| 1904 | Strike | |
| St Petersburg 110,000 workers go on strike |
| 1905 | Bloody Sunday | |
| 22nd Jan Winter Palace Troops kill 100 workers & wound 300 |
| 1905 | Closure Schools | |
| 18th Mar All secondary schools & universities are closed for the remainder of the year |
| 1905 | Constitution | |
| 18th Feb Asks for "suggestions" "concerning improvement of the state & the nation's well-being" |
| 19th Aug Moscow Signs a manifesto summoning the Imperial Duma |
| 19th Aug Moscow The Duma has advisory powers but is without legislative authority |
| 17th Oct Signs the "October Manifesto", establishing the State Duma as the elected legislature |
| 17th Oct Under the October Manifesto laws must be approved by the State Duma |
| 30th Oct St Petersburg Issues a manifesto granting a suffrage law for elections to the Duma |
| 30th Oct St Petersburg Issues a manifesto granting freedom of speech, conscience & Assembly |
| 30th Oct St Petersburg Issues a manifesto granting the right of Labour to organize |
| 1905 | Demonstrations | |
| 22nd Jan Winter Palace Sparks off the 1905 revolution |
| 22nd Jan Winter Palace The Union of Liberation organizes a procession to the Winter Palace |
| 22nd Jan Winter Palace The Union of Liberation presents a petition to the Tsar |
| 22nd Jan Winter Palace Troops kill 100 workers & wound 300 |
| 1905 | Manifesto October Manifesto | |
| 17th Oct Grants freedom of conscience, speech, meeting & association |
| 17th Oct Signs the October manifesto making concessions to the strikers |
| 17th Oct Under the October Manifesto laws must be approved by the State Duma |
| 1905 | Manifesto October | |
| 17th Oct Grants freedom of conscience, speech, meeting & association |
| 17th Oct Signs the "October Manifesto", establishing the State Duma as the elected legislature |
| 17th Oct Signs the October manifesto making concessions to the strikers |
| 17th Oct Under the October Manifesto laws must be approved by the State Duma |
| 1905 | Mutiny Potemkin | |
| June The Potemkin Mutiny is followed by strikes all over Russia |
| 1905 | Petition Nicholas II | |
| 22nd Jan Winter Palace The Union of Liberation presents a petition to the Tsar |
| 1905 | Rebellion | |
| 8th Nov Krondstadt A rebellion breaks out among the sailors of the Krondstadt fortress |
| 1905 | Reform | |
| 17th Oct Signs the "October Manifesto", establishing the State Duma as the elected legislature |
| 1905 | Siege of Mukden | |
| Mukden Russia is forced to surrender Mukden to Japan |
| 1905 | Siege of Port Arthur | |
| 1st Jan Port Arthur Russia offers terms of surrender at Port Arthur to Japan |
| 1905 | Strike | |
| Lodz Russian Poland is put under a state of siege |
| Lodz Socialist revolutionaries seek to overthrow the Tsar |
| Jan Odessa Strikers are joined by the crew of the Potemkin, 2,000 demonstratos are killed |
| 7th Jan St Petersburg 82,000 workers go out on strike |
| 7th Jan St Petersburg Gapon asks the Tsar to reduce the working day to 8 hrs & improve conditions & wages |
| 7th Jan St Petersburg More than 80,000 workers go on strike in St Petersburg |
| 8th Jan St Petersburg 120,000 workers go out on strike |
| 8th Jan St Petersburg Troops open fire & 200 are killed & 800 injured |
| 10th Jan St Petersburg The government appeals in vain for the workers to return to work |
| 12th Jan Warsaw Strikers in Warsaw loot & burn shops, 93 are killed by Russian troops |
| 13th Jan Riga During a strike in Riga trops charge demonstrators & 70 are killed |
| 14th Jan Warsaw 93 are killed during strikes in Warsaw |
| 6th May Tsarkoe Selo Prince Troubetskoi visits the Tsar saying revolution is underway |
| June Odessa 2,000 are killed during unrest & the Potemkin mutiny |
| Oct Railworkers go on strike & paralyze the whole Russian rail network |
| 1905 | Surrender | |
| 2nd Jan Port Arthur Russia's offer of surrender is accepted by Japan |
| 1906 | Constition of Russia | |
| 23rd April The first Russian constitution, known as the Fundamental Laws was enacted on the eve of the opening of the first State Duma |
| 1906 | Duma Closing | |
| Vyborg 180 Deputies protest about the dissolution of the 1st Duma by Nicholas II |
| 1906 | Duma Opening | |
| Moscow 1st State Duma, elected by universal male suffrage, meets for 73 days |
| 1906 | Fundemental Laws | |
| 23rd April The first Russian constitution, known as the Fundamental Laws was enacted on the eve of the opening of the first State Duma |
| 23rd April The Fundemental Laws declare the autocracy of the Russian Emperor, including Emperor's supremacy over the Law, the Church, and Duma |
| 1906 | Manifesto Vyborg | |
| Vyborg 180 Deputies protest about the dissolution of the 1st Duma by Nicholas II |
| 1906 | Resignation | |
| 16th April Nicholas II responds to pressure from conservatives & dismisses Witte |
| 1907 | Duma Closing | |
| 2nd June Moscow The 2nd Duma is closed by the Tsat & a new electoral law is passed |
| 1907 | Duma Opening | |
| Moscow The franchise is restricted & the 3rd Duma meets for its full 5 year term, 1907-12 |
| 20th Feb Moscow The 2nd Duma meets in 1907 for 102 days |
| 7th Nov Moscow The 3rd Duma is opened by the Tsar & remains open until 1912 |
| 1911 | Assassination | |
| 1st Sep Kiev Shot at the opera in Kiev in front of Tsar Nicholas II |
| 1912 | Alliance | |
| 15th Nov Austria denounces Serbian gains in the Balkans ; Russia and France backed Serbia while Italy and Germany back Austria |
| 1912 | Diplomacy | |
| 15th Nov Austria denounces Serbian gains in the Balkans ; Russia and France backed Serbia while Italy and Germany back Austria |
| 1912 | Duma Opening | |
| 15th Nov Moscow The 4th & last Duma opens, 1912-1917 |
| 1912 | Duma Oppostion | |
| Moscow The Duma opposes the Tsar's war policy & becomes critical of the Royal regime |
| 1912 | Independence | |
| After the fall of the Manchu dynasty, Mongol princes, supported by tsarist Russia, declare the independence of Mongolia from China |
| 1913 | Faberge Imperial Rock Crystal Egg | |
| The The Faberge Imperial rock crystal egg with rose cut diamonds set in platinum is created for the Tsar, an American in 1994 pays $5.5 mil for the egg, only 56 eggs are commissioned by the Tsars and Tsarinas |
| 1914 | Battle of Tannenburg | |
| Aug Tannenburg Press urised by France to attack in the east to help the French & British in the west |
| Aug Tannenburg Russian defeat which precipitates the revolution |
| Aug Tannenburg Russian loses are 92,000 captured & 30,000 killed |
| 10th Sep Tannenburg The last Russian troops are forced out of East Prussia |
| 1914 | Capture of Lemberg | |
| 3rd Sep Lemberg The Russians capture Lemberg, Lwow, capital of Austrian Galicia |
| 1914 | Declaration of War | |
| 1st Aug Germany declares war on Russia |
| 6th Aug Russia & Austria-Hungary are at War |
| 2nd Nov Russia declares war on Turkey |
| 1914 | Diplomacy | |
| 1st Aug Moscow "long-proved fiendship must succeed with God's help in avoiding bloodshed" |
| 1914 | Dismissal | |
| Moscow Dismisses the Prime Minister for liberal tendencies & removes Duma immunities |
| 1914 | Government | |
| Appoints Goremykin Prime Minister of the Duma to stamp out the revolutionary movement |
| 1914 | Invasion of Prussia | |
| 17th Aug Prussia Press urised by France to attack in the east to help the French & British in the west |
| 10th Sep Prussia The last Russian troops are forced out of East Prussia |
| 1914 | Letter Kaiser | |
| 1st Aug Moscow "long-proved fiendship must succeed with God's help in avoiding bloodshed" |
| 1914 | Mobilization | |
| 15th July 15-28 July, orders partial Russian mobilization |
| 17th July 17-30 July, orders full Russian mobilization |
| 1915 | Commander | |
| Appointed Commander of the Eastern Front to hold the Caucasus against the Turks |
| 22nd Aug Mogilev Appointed Commander of the Russian armed forces |
| 5th Sep Mogilev Appointed Commander of the Russian armed forces |
| 1915 | Constitution | |
| Aug Moscow The government authorizes the creation a national Zemstvo |
| Aug Moscow The government authorizes the creation Municipal Council organizations |
| 21st Aug Moscow Most Ministers request that the Duma be allowed to form a cabinet |
| 1915 | Declaration of War | |
| 19th Oct Russia and Italy declare war on Bulgaria |
| 1915 | Dismissal | |
| 1st Sep Dismissed & replaced by Nicholas II |
| 1915 | Duma Closure | |
| 3rd Sep Moscow The Duma is prorogued |
| 1915 | Duma Opening | |
| 19th July Moscow The Duma is reconvened for 6 weeks |
| 1915 | Great Retreat | |
| 22nd July 'The Great Retreat' is ordered - Russian forces pull back out of Poland (currently part of Russia), taking machinery and equipment with them |
| 1915 | Invasion of Poland | |
| 9th July Russia begins to withdraw from Poland |
| 19th July Warsaw Russian troops evacuate Warsaw |
| 1915 | Municipal Council Organizations | |
| Aug Moscow The government authorizes the creation Municipal Council organizations |
| 1915 | Reform | |
| Aug Moscow The government authorizes the creation a national Zemstva |
| 1915 | Triple Offensive | |
| 22nd July 'The Great Retreat' is ordered - Russian forces pull back out of Poland (currently part of Russia), taking machinery and equipment with them |
| 1915 | Zemstvo | |
| Aug Moscow The government authorizes the creation a national Zemstvo |
| Aug Moscow The government authorizes the creation on national Zemstvo |
| 1917 | Abdication | |
| 4th Mar Issues his abdication manifesto |
| 4th Mar Nicholas ' abdication manifesto is made public |
| 15th Mar Forced to abdicate at his Russian front HQ at Pskov |
| 1917 | Arrest | |
| 3rd Feb Petrograd The Executive Committee of the Petrograd Soviet orders the arrest of Nicholas II |
| Mar March-August, under arrest at Tsarskoe Selo |
| 8th Mar Bids farewell to his army officers & departs for Tsarkoe Selo under arrest |
| 8th Mar Tsarkoe Selo Bids farewell to his Army Officers & heads for Tsarkoe Selo |
| 2nd June Arrested at Tiflis on a plotting charge |
| 31st July Taken with his family to Tobolsk |
| Aug Tobolsk Under arrest at Tobolsk in Siberia from August for 8 months |
| 1917 | Demonstrations | |
| 22nd Feb Mogliev Leaves Moscow for Mogliev, the security of Moscow is entrusted to Beliaev |
| 23rd Feb Petrograd 78,000 to 128,000 go on strike protesting about food shortages |
| 23rd Feb Petrograd International Women's Day demonstrations |
| 24th Feb Petrograd Between 200,000 & 300,000 workers fill the streets |
| 25th Feb Petrograd Nicholas orders that the demonstrations be suppressed by force |
| 25th Feb Petrograd Orders the suppression of demonstrations by the use of force |
| 26th Feb Petrograd Petrograd is occupied by military units in combat gear, a curfew is declared |
| 26th Feb River Neva The bridges of the River Neva are raised |
| 26th Feb Petrograd The Pavlovski regiment disobeys orders to fire on civilians |
| 26th Feb Petrograd The Pavlovski Regiment mutinies in protest when the crowd in Petrograd is fired upon |
| 26th Feb Znamenski Sqr The Volynskii Guard Regiment open fire & kill 40, order is restored |
| 26th Feb Petrograd The Volynskii Regiment fires on the crowd killing 40 |
| 27th Feb Petrograd Government buildings are burnt, General Ivanov is ordered to quell the disorders |
| 27th Feb Petrograd Most of Petrgrad is in the hands of mutinous regiments |
| 27th Feb Petrograd Most of Petrograd is in the hands of a mutinous garrison |
| 27th Feb Petrograd Nicholas II orders General Ivanov to suppress the disorder |
| 27th Feb Petrograd The Pavlovski Regiment votes to disobey orders to fire on civilians |
| 28th Feb Moscow Disturbances spread to Moscow |
| 1st Mar Petrograd General Ivanov is ordered to abort his mission to suppress the rebellion in Petrograd |
| 1917 | Exile of Nicholas II | |
| 22nd Feb Mogilev Departs for Mogliev |
| 28th Feb Tsarskoe Selo Departs for Tsarskoe Selo |
| Mar Britain withdraws offer to provide asylum for the Imperial family |
| 1st Mar Pskov The Imperial train is diverted to Pskov |
| 1917 | February Revolution | |
| 3rd Feb Petrograd The Executive Committee of the Petrograd Soviet orders the arrest of Nicholas II |
| 22nd Feb Mogilev The Tsar leaves for the General Headquarters in Mogilev |
| 23rd Feb Petrograd The February Revolution begins, ignited by International Women's Day, militant women textile workers, many of whom are soldiers' wives, inititate a massive strike in Petrograd |
| 24th Feb Petrograd By nightfall, 66,000 men of the Petrograd garrison - a day ago ordered to fire on striking workers - have now joined the striking workers, fully armed |
| 24th Feb Petrograd The Litovsky and Preobrazhensky Regiments join a new rebel army, and storm the Main Arsenal, liberating 40,000 rifles, fully armed, they move on to liberate political prisoners frm Kresty jail |
| 24th Feb Petrograd The strike doubles in size to around 200,000 workers, nearly half of all industrial workers in Petrograd are on strike, the new demands of the strike shift heavily towards overthrowing the autocracy and putting and end to the war |
| 25th Feb Mogilev Armed clashes with the police occur, with many killed and wounded, Empress Alexandra writes to Nicholas II, "This is a hooligan campaign, with boys and girls running about shouting that they have no bread..all this will surely pass" |
| 26th Feb Petrograd The police launch wide scale arrests of over 100 leaders of revolutionary organisations, including the Bolsheviks, General Khabalov's soldiers, acting under the Tsar's orders, open fire on striking workers, 169 workers are killed & over 1,000 injured |
| 27th Feb Petrograd Rodzianko asks the Duma to convene to resolve on a course of action, the group creates a Provisional Committee, which urgently asks the Tsar to save himself by sharing power with a Prime Minister, the Tsar refuses |
| 28th Feb The revolutionary masses seize the city of Moscow, the Tsar's Ministers are arrested, the Provisional Committee assumes control of the Army, while the Kronstadt sailors mutiny against their officers |
| 1st Mar Petrograd The first Joint Plenum of the Soviet of Workers ' and Soldiers' Deputies issues Soviet Order No. 1: all soldiers' units will elect Soldiers' Committees & the decree stipulates that soldiers will now accept orders from the Soldiers' Soviet |
| 1917 | Government | |
| 1st Mar Nicholas II orders General Alekseev to form a Duma ministry |
| 1917 | Negotiations Duma | |
| 22nd Feb Moscow Duma & Soviet representitives reach agreement on the basis of an 8 point program |
| 1917 | Petrograd Committee | |
| 14th Feb The Bolshevik Petrograd Committee calls on workers to overthrow the Tsar |
| 1917 | Rebellion | |
| 10th Feb Tsarskoye Selo The Councillor of State Mikhail Rodzianko meets with Tsar Nicholas II in Tsarskoye Selo, and warns him of massive upheavel throughout the country, Rodzianko insists that tumultuous events can be avoided by stregthening the Duma |
| 14th Feb The Bolshevik Petrograd Committee calls on workers to overthrow the Tsar |
| 14th Feb Taurida Palace The strike called by the Bolsheviks continues, while a Menshevik called strike begins to show support for the Duma at Taurida Palace (as opposed to the Tsar), which opens a new session |
| 26th Feb Petrograd The Pavlovski Regiment mutinies in protest when the crowd in Petrograd is fired upon |
| 27th Feb Petrograd By night Petrograd is in the hands of peasant soldiers |
| 27th Feb Petrograd Demonstrations turn into soldier mutiny |
| 27th Feb Petrograd The Pavlovski Regiment disobey orders to fire on civilians |
| 28th Feb Kronstadt The revolutionary masses seize the city of Moscow, the Tsar's Ministers are arrested, the Provisional Committee assumes control of the Army, while the Kronstadt sailors mutiny against their officers |
| 28th Feb Moscow The revolutionary masses seize the city of Moscow, the Tsar's Ministers are arrested, the Provisional Committee assumes control of the Army, while the Kronstadt sailors mutiny against their officers |
| 1st Mar Petrograd General Ivanov is ordered to abort his mission to suppress the rebellion in Petrograd |
| 1917 | Strike | |
| 23rd Feb Petrograd 128,000 workers take to the streets, and among their chief demands is an end to the World War and an increase in food |
| 23rd Feb Petrograd The February Revolution begins, ignited by International Women's Day, militant women textile workers, many of whom are soldiers' wives, inititate a massive strike in Petrograd |
| 24th Feb Petrograd By nightfall, 66,000 men of the Petrograd garrison - a day ago ordered to fire on striking workers - have now joined the striking workers, fully armed |
| 24th Feb Petrograd The Litovsky and Preobrazhensky Regiments join a new rebel army, and storm the Main Arsenal, liberating 40,000 rifles, fully armed, they move on to liberate political prisoners frm Kresty jail |
| 24th Feb Petrograd The strike doubles in size to around 200,000 workers, nearly half of all industrial workers in Petrograd are on strike, the new demands of the strike shift heavily towards overthrowing the autocracy and putting and end to the war |
| 26th Feb Petrograd The police launch wide scale arrests of over 100 leaders of revolutionary organisations, including the Bolsheviks, General Khabalov's soldiers, acting under the Tsar's orders, open fire on striking workers, 169 workers are killed & over 1,000 injured |
| 1918 | Arrest | |
| 30th April Ekaterinburg Under arrest at Ekaterinburg, |
