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| 1924 | Chang, Tsolin |  |
| Appointed Head of State for China |
| 1928 | Chang, Hsueh-Liang | |
| Appointed Head of State for China, after the assassination of his father |
| 1928 | Chang, Tsolin | |
| Manchuria Forced to withdraw from Peking into Manchuria & is abandoned by the Japanese |
| Resists the advance of the Nationalist's Northern Expedition |
| 4th June Death of Tsolin Chang |
| 4th June Mukden His train is mined, organized by 2 Japanese Colonels to secure Manchuria for Japan |
| 1928 | Kai-Shek, Chiang | |
| Nanking Appointed head of the Nationalist Republic, with Nanking as its capital |
| Nanking Establishes a Nationalist Republic at Nanking |
| From 1926-28 establishes Nationalist Control over most of China |
| 1930 | Kai-Shek, Chiang | |
| Weiheiwei Great Britain returns Weiheiwei to China |
| Ruijing Launches a failed attack Mao Tsetung's military base |
| 10th July Hankow Communist armed forces attack Hankow |
| 2nd Sep Peking Rebels take power in Peking under Yen Hsi-chan |
| 1931 | Kai-Shek, Chiang | |
| Peking Accepts the failure of his passive policy against the Japanese invasion |
| Jehol After capturng Manchuria the Japanese capture Jehol |
| Peking After capturng Manchuria the Japanese capture Peking |
| Manchuria Chiang Kai-Shek adopts a very unpopular passive policy |
| Manchuria Chiang Kai-Shek wants the League of Nations to act & wants to defeat the communists |
| Kiangsi Launches 3 "Encirclement Campaigns" against the communists by the KMT |
| Ruijing Launches a 2nd failed attack on Mao Tse-Tung's military base |
| Ruijing Launches a 3rd failed attack on Mao Tse-Tung's military base |
| Manchuria Manchuria is captured by the Japanese & becomes the independent state of Manchukio |
| Manchukuo Manchuria is captured by the Japanese & becomes the independent state of Manchukuo |
| Puts up a reward of 100,000 silver dollars for the capture of Zhou En-Lai |
| 7th Jan A doctrine issued to China & Japan about non-recognition of agreements won by force |
| 12th May Nanking Based on the liberty of the person, freedom of the press & right of association |
| 12th May Canton Canton declares its independence |
| 29th July Captain Nakamura, Japanese officer, is killed by Chinese soldiers of the Mukden Army |
| Aug Anti-Chinese riots in the Japanese province of Korea, 100 Chinese are killed |
| 18th Sep Mukden Japanese troops guarding the Sth Manchurian Railway are sent into Mukden |
| 18th Sep Manchuria The Japanes attack Manchuria attacking both the communists & nationalist separatists |
| 18th Sep Mukden The Japanese commander moves his HQ into the city |
| Oct Tsitsihar The Japanese occupy Tsitsihar |
| 1932 | Kai-Shek, Chiang | |
| China & Japan sign a truce lasting 4 years |
| Kai-Shek redirects his forces against Chinese Communists |
| Shanghai Kai-Shek wants "internal pacification first before external resistance" |
| Ruijing Launches a 4th attack on the Communist military base with 400,000 men |
| Shanghai Protesters demand action against the Japanese |
| Ruijing Signs a truce with Japan |
| Jan Shanghai The Japanese begin to attack Shanghai |
| April Tangku Agrees to the Truce of Tangku with the Japanese |
| 4th Sep The Lytton Report on the conflict between China and Japan accuses Japan of being the aggressor |
| 1933 | Kai-Shek, Chiang | |
| Peking A buffer state is set up under the Peking Political Council |
| Shanghai General Ueda issues an ultimatum for his troops to enter Shanghai, it is rejected |
| Fujian Nationalists in Fjuian province rebel against Kai-Shek, it collapses after 2 months |
| The British under Frederick Leith-Ross reform China's currency |
| Hebei The Japanese army invades Hebei |
| Shanghai The Japanese bomb the Chinese quarter of the city |
| 3rd Mar Shanghai A truce is signed between Japan & China & fighting in Shanghai ceases |
| May Shanghai The Japanese withdraw from Shanghai |
| 1935 | Kai-Shek, Chiang | |
| Adopts a policy of placating the Japanese |
| Appointed Head-of-State for China |
| 1936 | Kai-Shek, Chiang | |
| Changes appeasement toward Japan to one of opposition, in alliance with the Communists |
| Suiyuan Japan invades the northern province of Suiyuan |
| Sian Kidnapped at Sian, released after 2 weeks |
| Nationalists & Communists form an alliance against the Japanese |
| Stalin joins Chiang Kai-shek against fascism in Europe & imperialism in Japan |
| Oct Yenan The Red Army gathers forces of about 100,000 during the Long March at Yenan |
| 12th Dec Xian Captured by the Red Army & his own troops under Marshal Chang |
| 12th Dec Xian Held at General Chang's HQ |
| 25th Dec Xian Forced to end the civil war against the communists & form a united front against Japan |
| 25th Dec Xian Released fron Xian in order to unite Communists & Nationalists against the Japanese |
| 1937 | Kai-Shek, Chiang | |
| Assumes command of the Chinese forces on declaration of hostilities against Japan |
| Chungking Forced to withdraw to Chungking by by the Japanese |
| Nanking Japan captures Nanjing/Nanking (350,000 Chinese are killed and 100,000 women are raped during the "rape of Nanking") |
| Makes peace with the Communists & allies himself with Zhou En-Lai against the Japanese |
| Placed under house arrest for 50 yrs |
| Peking The Japanese capture Peking |
| Tientsin The Japanese capture Tientsin |
| Mar Sends a high ranking general to negotiate with Zhou En-Lai in Xian |
| 7th July Marco Polo Bdg The Japanese engineer a confrontation at Marco Polo Bridge to invade China |
| 26th July Beijing The Japanese bomb Beijing |
| 28th July Nankai The Japanese bomb Nankai University |
| 13th Aug Shanghai The Japanese begin to attack Shanghai |
| 22nd Sep Chinese Communists declare they will support Chiang Kai-Shek against Japan |
| 8th Nov Shanghai The Japanese capture Shanghai |
| 1938 | Kai-Shek, Chiang | |
| Japan installs five puppet regimes in China (Manchukuo, Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Nanjing, Taiwan) |
| Canton Japan seizes Canton |
| President Roosevelt lends $25m to Chiang Kai-Shek to continue the war |
| 23rd Feb Twelve Chinese fighter planes drop bombs on Japan |
| 10th May Nanjimg The Japanese install a puppet govrnment in Nanjing |
| 12th June Anking The Japanese capture Anking |
| 12th June Kaifeng The Japanese capture Kaifeng |
| 12th June Suzhou The Japanese capture Suzhou |
| 12th June Xiamen The Japanese capture Xiamen |
| 22nd Sep Beijing The Japanese create a United Council for China |
| 22nd Sep Beijing The Japanese want to turn China into a Japanese Protectorate |
| Oct Chungking Withdraws the Nationalist Government to Chunking after the fall of Wuhan |
| 12th Oct Chongqing The Chinese government withdraws to Chongqing |
| 12th Oct Guangzhou The Japanese capture Guangzhou |
| 12th Oct Wuchan The Japanese capture Wuchan |
| 1940 | Ching-wei, Wang | |
| April Nanking Appointed Head of State for China |
| April Nanking Heads a Japanese puppet government at Nanking |
| 1942 | Kai-Shek, Chiang | |
| Rangoon Allies with the British forces in Burma after the Japanese capture of Rangoon |
| 2nd Jan Britain, the USA, China & 22 Allies agree not to make a separate peace with Germany |
| 1949 | Kai-Shek, Chiang | |
| Appointed Head of the emigre Nationalist Party regime in Taiwan |
| 1959 | Shaoqi, Liu | |
| Appointed Head of State for China |
| 1966 | Shaoqi, Liu | |
| Proposes sending Chinese armies into Vietnam against the United States |
| Targeted as a "capitalist roader" |
| 1968 | Shaoqi, Liu | |
| Peking Forced out of office during Mao's Cultural Revolution |
| 1972 | Kai-Shek, Chiang | |
| Feb Shanghai The Shanghai Communique paves the way for relations between Communists & Nationalists |
