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| 0919 | Henry I the Fowler |  |
| German nobles elect Henry King of Germany |
| 1138 | Conrad III | |
| Elected to succeed Lothair II |
| 1237 | Conrad IV | |
| Elected King of Germany in place of his half brother Henry VII |
| 1314 | Louis IV of Bavaria | |
| 20th Oct The Electors just favour Louis IV over Frederick III |
| 1779 | Charles Theodore | |
| Palatinate Recognized as Palatinate by Charles Zweibrucked after the War of Bavarian Succession |
| 1847 | Bismarck-Schonhausen, Otto Furst von | |
| Magdeburg Bismarck is elected to the Vereinigter Landtag |
| 1848 | Charles Anthony | |
| Presides over new elections to the Diet, results in a liberal victory |
| 1848 | Vincke | |
| Vincke's moderates a landslide election victory to the Diet with 210 seats |
| 1849 | Bismarck-Schonhausen, Otto Furst von | |
| Bismarck is elected to the Landtag |
| Erfurt Elected Member of the Erfurt Parliament, a Prussian representitive |
| 1863 | Bismarck-Schonhausen, Otto Furst von | |
| A liberal coalition led by the Progressive Party, Fortschrittspartei, wins 2/3 of the votes to the House of Deputies |
| Bismarck retains power because he had the support of Wilhelm who fears a liberal ministry |
| Oct Bismarck's supporters do poorly in the elections in which a liberal coalition (whose primary member was the Progress Party) win over two-thirds of the seats in the House |
| Oct The House makes repeated calls to the King to dismiss Bismarck, but the King supports him as he feared that if he dismissed him, a liberal ministry would follow |
| 1866 | Bismarck-Schonhausen, Otto Furst von | |
| Conservative victory in the chamber of 142 |
| Has a sufficient majority to raise an army reform budget for the 1st time in 5 yrs |
| In the elections to the House of Deputies the liberals suffer a major defeat, losing their large majority |
| The election is held during the Battle of Konigratz |
| The new, largely conservative House is on much better terms with Bismarck than previous bodies; at the Minister-President's request, it retroactively approved the budgets of the past four years, which had been implemented without parliamentary conse |
| 1870 | Bismarck-Schonhausen, Otto Furst von | |
| The Centre Party win 57 seats, their new popularity shocks Bismarck into action |
| 1870 | Windhorst, Ludwig | |
| The Catholic based Centre Party wins 53 seats |
| The Catholic based Centre Party wins 57 seats |
| 1874 | Bismarck-Schonhausen, Otto Furst von | |
| Bismarck's attempts to restrict the power of the Catholic Church, represented in politics by the Catholic Centre Party, were not successful, in the 1874 elections, these forces double their representation in the parliament |
| 23rd Jan Catholics rally around the Centre Party which increases its vote from 63 to 91 seats |
| 23rd Jan The Catholic Centre increases its seats because of hatred of the May Laws |
| 1887 | Bismarck-Schonhausen, Otto Furst von | |
| The Free Conservatives & National Liberals win 220 out of 375 seats |
| 1890 | Bismarck-Schonhausen, Otto Furst von | |
| 20th Feb The cartell led by Bismarck loses 57 National Liberal & 28 Conservative seats |
| 1891 | Bismarck-Schonhausen, Otto Furst von | |
| 2nd May Geestmunde Returned for Geestmunde with a large majority |
| 1899 | Marx, Wihelm | |
| Elected Member of Parliament, Prussia |
| 1903 | Bulow, Bernhard Heinrich Martin | |
| The Centre Party holds the balance of power |
| The Tariff Law increased food prices & the Social Democrats gain 25 seats |
| 1906 | Stressman, Gustav | |
| First enters the Reichstag as a National Liberal |
| 1907 | Bulow, Bernhard Heinrich Martin | |
| The parties of the Bulow Bloc win 216 seats |
| Wins a working majority without dependence on the Centre Party |
| 1907 | Stressman, Gustav | |
| Elected Member of the Reichstag |
| 1912 | Ebert, Friedrich | |
| Berlin Elected Member of the Reichstag |
| 1912 | Stressman, Gustav | |
| Streseman loses his seat |
| 1912 | Theobald, Bethmann Hollweg von | |
| The main benificiaries are the Socialists who now have 110 Deputies |
| 1914 | Stressman, Gustav | |
| Elected Member of the Reichstag |
| 1919 | Ebert, Friedrich | |
| 19th Jan Elections are held for the National Constitutional Assembly |
| 19th Jan The National Assembly elections took place, the radical left-wing parties, including the USPD and KPD, are barely able to get themselves organized, leading to a solid majority of seats for the MSPD moderate forces |
| 19th Jan The Socialist and (Non-Socialist) Democratic parties obtained a solid 80 per cent of the vote |
| 1924 | Feder, Gottfried | |
| Elected to the Reichstag |
| 1925 | Braun, Otto | |
| Wins 8 million votes |
| 1925 | Hitler, Adolf | |
| 29th Mar Persuades Ludendorf to stand as President of the Weimar Republic |
| 1925 | Ludendorf, Erich von | |
| 29th Mar Persuaded by Hitler to stand as President, wins only 211,000 of 27,000,000 votes cast |
| 1925 | Marx, Wihelm | |
| Stands as President but defeated by Hindenburg |
| Wins 13.7 million votes to Hindenburg's 14.6 million |
| 1925 | Thalman, Ernst | |
| Stands as President but is defeated by Hindenburg, wins 1.9 million votes |
| 1928 | Hitler, Adolf | |
| 20th May The Nazi Party polls 810,000 votes out of 31 million cast, 2.5% |
| 20th May The Nazi party wins 12 of the 491 Reichstag seats |
| 1928 | Ley, Robert | |
| Elected to the Prussian Landtag |
| 1928 | Marx, Wihelm | |
| 20th May The SDP win 153 seats, short of a majority |
| 1930 | Bruening, Heinrich | |
| 14th Sep After the election Brning attempts to reform the devastated state without a majority in Parliament, governing with the help of the President's emergency decrees |
| 1930 | Hitler, Adolf | |
| 14th Sep 6.4 million votes, 18%, 107 of 577 seats in the Reichstag go to the Nazi Party |
| 14th Sep The increased representation of the NSDAP has devastating consequences for the Republic, there was no longer a moderate majority in the Reichstag even for a Great Coalition of moderate parties, and this encourages the supporters of the Nazis |
| 14th Sep The Nazi party becomes the 2nd largest party |
| 14th Sep The Reichstag general elections result in an enormous political shift, 18.3% of the vote goes to the Nazis, five times the percentage compared to 1928 |
| 15th Sep Hitler is denied a seat because he is Austrian, not German |
| 1930 | Ley, Robert | |
| Elected to the Reichstag |
| 1932 | Goebbels, Paul Joseph | |
| Organizes Hitler's campaigns for the Presidency & for Nazi seats in the Reichstag |
| 1932 | Hindenburg, Paul Ludwig Hans von | |
| 13th Mar Wins 49.6% to Hitler's 30.1% of votes during the 1st round of the elections |
| 10th April 2nd round presidential elections, wins 53% to Hitler's 36.8% |
| 1932 | Hitler, Adolf | |
| Cannot win a majority & demands to be Chancellor of a Presidential government |
| 13th Mar Hindenburg is just 0.4% short of a majority |
| 13th Mar Hindenburg wins 1st round of Presidential election with 18.65 million votes |
| 10th April Presidential elections, 2nd round |
| 10th April Wins 13.42 million votes, Hindenburg wins 19.36 million votes |
| 31st July The general elections yield major gains for the KPD and the Nazis, who win 37.2% of the vote, supplanting the Social Democrats as the largest party in the Reichstag |
| 31st July The height of Nazi electoral success under free elections |
| 31st July The Nazis win 230 of 608 seats in the Reichstag & double their strength |
| 13th Aug Hitler refuses a ministry under Papen, and demands the chancellorship for himself, but is rejected by Hindenburg |
| 13th Aug There is still no majority in the Reichstag for any government, as a result, the Reichstag is dissolved and elections take place once more in the hope that a stable majority would result |
| 6th Nov Elections are held in which the NSDAP vote falls from 230 to 196 seats |
| 6th Nov Elections yield 33.1% for the Nazis, dropping 2 million voters, Franz von Papen steps down, and is succeeded by General Kurt von Schleicher as Reichskanzler |
| 6th Nov Refuses to join a coalition |
| 3rd Dec Thuringia The Nazis lose 40% of their vote, it looks as though they cannot be voted into power |
| 1932 | Papen, Franz von | |
| July Since most parties opposed the new government, von Papen had the Reichstag dissolved and calls for new elections |
| 31st July Supports Hindenburg during the Presidential elections rather than his own party |
| 31st July The general elections yield major gains for the KPD and the Nazis, who win 37.2% of the vote, supplanting the Social Democrats as the largest party in the Reichstag |
| 6th Nov Elections yield 33.1% for the Nazis, dropping 2 million voters, Franz von Papen steps down, and is succeeded by General Kurt von Schleicher as Reichskanzler |
| 6th Nov Unable to win a majority in the Reichstag |
| 1932 | Schleicher, Kurt von | |
| 6th Nov Berlin Elections yield 33.1% for the Nazis, dropping 2 million voters, Franz von Papen steps down, and is succeeded by General Kurt von Schleicher as Reichskanzler |
| 1932 | Thlmann, Ernst | |
| In the presidential elections Thlmann takes 13.2% of the vote, compared to Hitler's 30.1% |
| The "social fascism" policy scuttles any possibility of a united front with the SPD against the rising power of the Nazis |
| Nov The KPD wins 100 deputies |
| 1933 | Braun, Otto | |
| 5th Mar Following the appointment of Adolf Hitler as Chancellor by President Hindenburg, the SPD receives 18.25% of the votes during the last free elections gaining 120 seats |
| 1933 | Goering, Herman | |
| 20th Feb Business leaders meet at Goering's President's Palace & agree to finance Hitler |
| 20th Feb Helps agree to an election fund of 3 million Reichsmarks from leading industrialists |
| 1933 | Hitler, Adolf | |
| 22nd Jan Gains the support of Oscar von Hindenburg who agrees to appoint Hitler Chancellor |
| 30th Jan Calls for a Rechstag election for 5th March |
| Feb Directs his campaign against 14yrs of party government |
| 20th Feb Business leaders meet at the President's Palace & agree to financially support Hitler |
| 5th Mar Falls far short of the 2/3 majority to establish dictatorship by consent of Parliament |
| 5th Mar Konigsberg Hitler makes a speech on the "Day of the Awekening Nation" |
| 5th Mar The Nazis increase their vote to 44% giving the Nazis & their coalition allies the German National People's Party 52% |
| 5th Mar The Nazis need the 52 seats won by their Nationalist allies to win a majority |
| 5th Mar The Nazis poll 17,277,180 votes, failing to win a majority with 43.9% of the total |
| 5th Mar The Nazis win 288 out of 647 seats in the Reichstag |
| 28th May Danzig The Nazis win elections in Danzig |
| 1933 | Schleicher, Kurt von | |
| Lippe The Nazis win Lippe & create a crisis in the Schleicher Government |
| 1935 | Henlein, Konrad | |
| The SDP wins 44 Deputies, 60% of the German speaking people of Czech |
| 1949 | Adenauer, Konrad | |
| Aug Wins the 1st post war election for the CDU & heads a coalition government |
| 1949 | Heuss, Theodore | |
| 1st Aug CDU 139 seats, SPD 131 seats |
| 1st Aug Wins elections to the 1st Bundestag, lower House of the Federal Assembly |
| 1953 | Manteuffel, Hasso von | |
| Elected to the Bundestag, 1953-57 |
| 1959 | Kohl, Helmut | |
| Elected to the Landtag of the Rhineland Palatinate |
| 1976 | Schmidt, Helmut Heinrich Waldemar | |
| 3rd Oct Bonn Helmut Schmidts coalition government is returned with a reduced majority |
| 1980 | Schroder, Gerhard | |
| Elected Member of the Bundestag |
| 1981 | Schmidt, Helmut Heinrich Waldemar | |
| 10th May The Social Democrats sustain heavy losses in West Berlin |
| 1983 | Kohl, Helmut | |
| Increases support in the general election |
| 1984 | Weizsacker | |
| 22nd May Elected President of Germany |
| 1989 | Kohl, Helmut | |
| 29th Jan Berlin West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl's Chris tian Democratic Union suffers a major setback in West Berlin municipal elections |
| 1989 | Merkel, Angela Dorothea | |
| Following the first (and only) democratic election of the East German state, Merkel becomes the deputy spokesperson of the new pre-unification caretaker government under Lothar de Maizire |
| 1990 | Kohl, Helmut | |
| Campaigns in the east, a resounding victory for the CDU |
| 2nd Dec Returned as Chancellor in a re-united Germany |
| 1990 | Merkel, Angela Dorothea | |
| Dec Stralsund At the first post-reunification general election Merkel is elected to the Bundestag from a constituency which includes the districts of Nordvorpommern and Rgen, as well as the city of Stralsund |
| 1990 | Modrow, Hans | |
| 18th Mar The 1st free elections are held in the DDR |
| 1994 | Kohl, Helmut | |
| Helmut Kohl's CDU-CSU & FDP coalition wins a 10 seat majority |
| 1998 | Schroder, Gerhard | |
| The SPD win the election |
| 1st Mar Saxony The Social Democrats win the state lections in Lower Saxony |
| 1999 | Merkel, Angela Dorothea | |
| Merkel oversees a string of Chris tian Democrat election victories in six out of seven regional elections in 1999 alone, breaking the SPD-Green coalition's hold on the Bundesrat, the legislative body representing the states |
| 2005 | Merkel, Angela Dorothea | |
| After three weeks of negotiations between the CDU/CSU and SPD, the two parties reached a deal whereby Merkel would become Chancellor and the SPD would hold 8 of the 16 seats in the cabinet |
| Leads a Grand coalition with the sister party, the Chris tian Social Union (CSU), and with the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), formed after the federal election |
| 10th May Merkel wins the CDU/CSU nomination as challenger to Chancellor Gerhard Schrder of the SPD in the 2005 national elections |
| 18th Sep Merkel's CDU/CSU and Schrder's SPD went head-to-head in the national elections, with the CDU/CSU winning 35.3% (CDU 27.8%/CSU 7.5%) of the second votes to the SPD's 34.2% |
| 14th Nov Merkel is elected Chancellor by the majority of delegates (397 to 217) in the newly assembled Bundestag |
| 14th Nov The coalition deal is approved by both CDU/CSU and SPD parties at party conferences |
