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Constantine I
History of Greece

              


1868
Birth
12th July Athens Birth of Constantine I, eldest son of George I
1889
Marriage
Athens Marries Sophia, sister of Kaiser William II
1897
Defeat
Leads Greece to defeat against Turkey
1909
Exile of Constantine I
Forced into exile by army officers
1912
Battle of Elasson
23rd Oct Elasson Defeats the Turtks in the Vardar Valley
1912
Battle of Kastoria
Kastoria One of Constantine's flank detachments is defeated by the Turks
1912
Battle of Monista
Monista One of Constantine's flank detachments is defeated by the Turks
1912
Battle of Venije
5th Nov Venije Overwhelms the Turks & moves on to Salonika
1912
Capture of Salonika
9th Nov Salonika The Turkish garrison of 20,000 surrenders & Constantine occupies the city
1912
Invasion of Macedonia
Greece lands forces in the Halkidiki peninsula while the main force of the army attacks from Thessaly into Macedonia through the Sarantaporo straight
Macedonia Leads a Greek Army into Macedonia to attack the Turks in the Varar Valley
1912
Invasion of Thessaloniki
26th Oct After the liberation of Thessaloniki, the Greek army links up with the Serb army north and they turns west
1912
Invasion of Turkey
Oct Members of the Balkan League attack Turkey & win quick victories
1912
Rule of Aegean
Aegean The Greek Navy is free to liberate the islands of the Aegean, starting with Lemnos which was used as a base to monitor the Dardanelles
Dec Aegean Following a ceasefire in December between the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, the Turkish fleet twice exited the Dardanelles but was twice defeated in the battles of Elle and Lemnos
1912
Rule of Lemnos
Lemnos The Greek Navy is free to liberate the islands of the Aegean, starting with Lemnos which was used as a base to monitor the Dardanelles
1913
Alliance
19th May Greece and Serbia signed a treaty of mutual defence against an attack, a mutual border is agreed between the two and an agreement for mutual diplomatic support
June Dodecanese Romania, Greece, Montenegro, and Turkey immediately side with Serbia and declares war on Bulgaria, which found itself completely isolated
1st June An anti Bulgarian Serbian-Greek alliance is signed
24th June Greece & Serbia break their alliance with Bulgaria over the Macedonia & Thrace border
1913
Balkan League
19th May Greece and Serbia signed a treaty of mutual defence against an attack, a mutual border is agreed between the two and an agreement for mutual diplomatic support
1913
Battle of Doiran
June Doiran The Greeks defeat the Bulgarian army in the battles of Doiran and Mt. Beles before themselves being defeated at the Kresna straights
1913
Battle of Kilkis Lahanas
19th May Kilkis Lahanas The Greek army counterattacks and defeats the Bulgarians at Kilkis-Lahanas
1913
Battle of Kresna
June Kresna The Greeks defeat the Bulgarian army in the battles of Doiran and Mt. Beles before themselves being defeated at the Kresna straights
1913
Battle of Mount Beles
June Mount Beles The Greeks defeat the Bulgarian army in the battles of Doiran and Mt. Beles before themselves being defeated at the Kresna straights
1913
Capture of Adrianople
26th Mar Adrianople A combined Bulgar-Serb force captures Adrianople
1913
Capture of Ioannina
Ioannina Bulgarian forces conquer Adrianople while Greek forces liberated Ioannina
1913
Capture of Yanina
3rd Mar Yanina The Turkish garrison of 30,000 falls to Prince Constantine of Greece
1913
Death
Death of George I, assassinated
1913
Declaration of War
June Dodecanese Romania, Greece, Montenegro, and Turkey immediately side with Serbia and declares war on Bulgaria, which found itself completely isolated
24th June The Macedonia & Thrace border dispute with Bulgaria causes the 2nd Balkan War
1913
Peace
June Kresna The Greeks offered a ceasefire and the Bulgarians accept due to the danger posed by the Romanian army in the north
1913
Rule of Aegean
13th Dec Aegean Greece is awarded some Aegean Islands for the loss of southern Albania to Albania
1913
Rule of Albania
13th Dec Southern Albania is divided between Albania & Greece
1913
Rule of Crete
June Crete Crete and Salonika were definitively assigned to Greece
1913
Rule of Dodecanese
June Dodecanese Greece protested Italy's annexation of the Dodecanese
1913
Rule of Ioannina
Ioannina Bulgarian forces conquer Adrianople while Greek forces liberated Ioannina
1913
Rule of Macedonia
13th Dec Greece gains territory in Macedonia
1913
Rule of Salonika
June Salonika Crete and Salonika were definitively assigned to Greece
1913
Rule of Samos
Samos the Greek fleet raises the Greek flag on Samos
1913
Rule of Thrace
13th Dec Thrace Greece gains territory in Thrace
1913
Siege of Serres
June Serres the Greek army does not enter the city of Serres in time to prevent it being razed by irregular Bulgarian units
1913
Succession
18th Mar Salonika Succeeds as King of Greece in the newly occuppied city of Salonika
1913
Treaty of London
17th May London The war was ends with the treaty of London
17th May London Under the treaty of London Albania is declared independent, Serbia, Montenegro and Greece are obliged to withdraw their forces
1914
Neutrality
Greece is forced to remain neutral because of Allied naval power
1915
Battle of Dardanelles
Dardanelles Venizelos resigns over Constantine's policy
Dardanelles Venizelos wishes to send 3 Greek Divisions to the Dardanelles Constantine refuses
1915
Election
Mar Venizelos wins the election & is returned to power
1915
Siege of Salonika
Mar Salonika Urges the Germans to invade Greece & recapture Salonika from the Allies
1916
Capture of Fort Rupel
May Fort Rupel Bulgaria captures Fort Rupel & enters Macedonia, a threat to the Allies
1916
Capture of Kavalla
Aug Kavalla Bulgaria captures the port of Kavalla
1916
Government
Venizelos forms a rival government in Crete & Salonika with Allied support
1916
Siege of Athens
1st Dec Athens Greek royalist troops attack an Allied landing party
1917
Abdication
12th June Athens Abdicates in favour of his younger son Alexander
1917
Capture of Athens
Athens The Allies occupy Athens to counter Constantine's support for the Central Powers
1920
Death
Death of Alexander, his younger son who was ruling Greece
1920
Exile of Constantine I
Athens Constantine I returns to Greece after the defeat of Venizrlos at the election
1920
Plebiscite
Athens Succeeds as King of Greece, restored after a plebiscite
1920
Restoration
Athens Succeeds as King of Greece, restored after a plebiscite
1920
Succession
Athens Succeeds as King of Greece, restored after a plebiscite
1922
Abdication
26th Sep Athens Abdicates for the 2nd time after the Greek defeat by Turkey
1923
Death
11th Jan Palermo Death of Constantine I

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