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Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
History of Germany

              


1856
Birth
29th Nov Hohenfinow Birth of Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
1899
President
Appointed President of the Province of Brandenburg
1905
Minister
Appointed Prussian Minister of Interior
1907
Vice Chancellor
Berlin Appointed Vice Chancellor
1909
Prime Minister
Appointed Prime Minister of Prussia
1913
Scandal
4th Dec Berlin Loses a vote of confidence in the Reichstag over the Zabern
1913
Vote Confidence
4th Dec Berlin Loses a vote of confidence in the Reichstag over the Zabern
1914
Alliance
5th July Assures Francis-Joseph Germany will not desert Austria during its conflict with Serbia
5th July Informs the Austria Germany will support Austria against Serbia, the "blank cheque"
1914
Assassination
28th June Sarajevo Following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Bethmann Hollweg and Foreign Secretary Gottlieb von Jagow are instrumental in urging the Austrians to take a tough stand against Serbia
1914
Capture
20th Aug Brussels Germany captures Brussels
1914
Declaration of War
1st Aug Germany declares war on Russia
3rd Aug Germany declares war on France
4th Aug Germany declares war on Belgium
12th Aug Montenegro declares war on Germany
12th Aug Serbia declares war on Germany
23rd Aug Japan declares war on Germany
1914
Diplomacy
Will not invade France if Britain remains neutral but Edward Grey refuses such a deal
31st July Berlin Telegrams Count Berchtold asking the Auastrians not to mobilize against Russia
1914
Invasion of Belgium
Aug Asks British Ambassador Goschen how Britain could go to war over a "mere scrap of paper" (the Treaty of London of 1839 protecting Belgium's neutrality), a remark which would become infamous
2nd Aug Germany demands free passage through Belgium
3rd Aug Belgium rejects Germany's demand for troop access
3rd Aug Liege German troops cross the Belgium frontier at Vise in the province of Liege
3rd Aug Germany calls for a free passage across Belgium but this is refused the following day
1914
Invasion of France
24th Aug Lille Germany enters France near Lille
1914
July Crisis
5th July Assures Francis-Joseph Germany will not desert Austria during its conflict with Serbia
5th July Informs the Austria Germany will support Austria against Serbia, the "blank cheque"
6th July Encourages Austro-Hungarian aggression against Serbia with unconditional support
29th July Advises Vienna to mediate
29th July Proposes a neutrality agreement to Britain guaranteeing France's territory
30th July Declares a "state of imminent war"
30th July Learns of Russia's mobilization
1st Aug Demands that France abandon the Franco-Russian alliance
1st Aug Germany declares war on Russia
2nd Aug Belgium is asked to accept German protection from a non-existent French attack
3rd Aug Germany declares war on France
3rd Aug Berk Makes an address in the Reichstag about the Russian "firebrand"
3rd Aug Berlin Makes an address in the Reichstag about the Russian "firebrand"
1915
Blockade of Britain
4th Feb Germany declares submarine blockade of Britain, with all approaching ships considered targets, the start of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
18th Feb A German submarine blockade of Great Britain begins
15th June Allied aircraft bombs Karlsruhe in retaliation for German bombing of London
1915
Capture
23rd Nov German, Austro-Hungarian and Bulgarian forces push the Serbian army into exile; Serbia falls
1915
Diplomacy
1st Sep After American outrage, Germany officially stops sinking passenger vessels without warning
1915
Offensive
12th Dec After the failure of the Austrian 'Black Yellow' offensive, Germany takes over ultimate control of Austro-Hungarian forces
1915
Reprisals Order
11th Mar The Reprisals Order, in which Britain bans all 'neutral' parties from trading with Germany
1915
Sinking
7th May Kinsale Germany sinks the Cunard liner Lusitania, 1152 lives are lost including 102 Americans
1915
Triple Offensive
15th July The German 'Triple Offensive' begins, aiming to destroy the Russian army
22nd July 'The Great Retreat' is ordered - Russian forces pull back out of Poland (currently part of Russia), taking machinery and equipment with them
1915
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
4th Feb Germany declares submarine blockade of Britain, with all approaching ships considered targets, the start of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
1917
Diplomacy
Hopes for President Woodrow Wilson's mediation come to nothing, and, over Bethmann Hollweg's objections, Hindenburg and Ludendorff force the adoption of unrestricted submarine warfare bringing the US into the war in 1917
1917
Peace
16th May Offers an immediate peace to Russia
9th July The Kaiser rejects Bethmann's peace policy
1917
Resignation
13th July Berlin The passage of the Peace Resolution by an alliance of the Social Democratic, Progressive, and Center parties, forces his resignation and replacement by the political nonentity Georg Michaelis
1919
Trial
June Formally asks the Allied and associated powers to place him on trial instead of Kaiser Wilhelm II, the Supreme Council decides to ignore his request
1921
Death
1st Jan Death of Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg

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