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| Alliance Schwarzenburg, Felix zu |  |
April Vienna Austria invites Russia  to intervene in Hungary |
| Amiens Cathedral Viollet-le-Duc, Eugene-Emmanuel |  |
| Amiens Cath Begins restoration work on Amiens Cathedral |
| Amiens Begins restoration work on Amiens Cathedral |
| Arrest Kossuth, Lajos |  |
| Budapest The insurrection is crushed & Kossuth flees to Turkey where he is imprisoned |
| Battle of Chillianwalla Dalhousie, James |  |
| 13th Jan Chillianwalla A British force is defeated by the Sikhs |
| Battle of Gujrat Dalhousie, James | |
| Gujrat The British defeat the Sikhs |
| Battle of Kaplona Windisch-Gratz | |
| 27th Feb Kapolna Many of the Hungarian rebels are annhilated while the survivors flee across the Tisza |
| Battle of Novara Radetzky, Johann Joseph Wenzel Anton | |
| 23rd Mar Novara Radetzky completely defeats Charles Albert & Albert Chrzanowski |
| Battle of Novara Chrzanowski, Albert |  |
| 23rd Mar Novara Radetzky completely defeats Charles Albert & Albert Chrzanowski |
| Battle of Palestrina Garibaldi, Guisseppe |  |
| 9th May Palestrina Defeats the Neapolitans at Palestrina |
| Battle of Ramnugger Dalhousie, James | |
| Ramnugger The British defeat the Sikhs |
| Battle of Schwechat Windisch-Gratz, Alfred Furst zu | |
| 30th Oct Schwechat The invading Hungarian s are confronted by Windisch-Gratz & turned back |
| Battle of Schwechat Gorgey, Arthur von | |
| 30th Oct Schwechat The invading Hungarian s are confronted by Windisch-Gratz & turned back |
| Battle of Temesvar Franz Josef I | |
| 9th Aug Temesvar The Hungarian s are defeated by the Russians at Temesvar |
| Battle of Temesvar Gorgey, Arthur von | |
| 9th Aug Temesvar The Hungarian s are defeated by the Russians at Temesvar |
| Battle of Velletri Garibaldi, Guisseppe | |
| 19th May Velletri Defeats the Neapolitans at Velletri |
| 3rd July San Marino Withdraws his army across the Apennines to San Marino |
| 3rd July Velletri The French attack Velletri & enter the city |
| Birth Barton, Edmund |  |
| 17th Jan Birth of Edmund Barton |
| Birth Bulow, Friedrich Wilhelm |  |
| Birth of Bernhard Heinrich Martin Bulow |
| Birth Mackensen, August von | |
| 6th Dec Wittenberg Birth of August von Mackensen |
| Birth Churchill, Randolph | |
| Birth of Randolph Churchill, son of the 7th duke of Marlborough |
| Capture Radetzky, Johann Joseph Wenzel Anton | |
| 22nd Aug Vienna Commands the Austria n army which captures Venice |
| Capture Dalhousie, James | |
| Mar Punjab The British capture the Punjab |
| Capture Russell | |
| Mar Punjab The British capture the Punjab |
| Capture Singh, Ranjit |  |
| Mar Punjab The British capture the Punjab |
| Chief of Prussian Navy Heinrich Wihelm Adelbert | |
| Appointed Chief of Prussian Navy |
| Composition Verdi, Giuseppe | |
| Composes, "La battaglia di Legnano" |
| Composes, "Luisa Miller" |
| Constitution Franz Josef I | |
| Olmutz Draws up an absolutistConstitution after the battle of Kaolna |
| Olmutz Nominally accepts parliamentary monarchy |
| 30th Sep Vienna Prussia accepts Franz's offer to help administer the German Confederation |
| Constitution Schwarzenburg, Felix zu | |
| Vienna Enacts the newConstitution he drew up in 1848 |
| Mar Vienna A new constituton is written & approved but never put into practice |
| 4th Mar Vienna Enacts a new centralised & absolute Austria n constitution |
| Constitution Frederick VII |  |
| Founds the Constitutional Monarchy |
| Constitution Frederick William IV | |
| 4th April Frankfurt Rejects the Imperial Crown offered by the Parliament of Frankfurt |
| Constitution Radowitz, Joseph von | |
| Erfurt Develops a union under Prussia & forces theConstitution through the Union Parliament |
| Consul Beecroft, John | |
| Benin Appointed Consul for Bight of Benin |
| Coup d'Etat Ledru-Rollin, Alexandre-Auguste | |
13th June Paris Heads a provisionalGovernment for 2 hours before fleeing to England  |
| Death Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen | |
| 2nd Dec Death of Adelaide, pre-deceased by her only child Elizabeth |
| Death Bronte, Anne | |
| Death of Anne Bronte |
| Death Chopin, Frederic | |
| 17th Oct Death of Frederic Chopin, consumption at the age of 38 |
| Death Poe, Edgar Allen |  |
| 7th Oct Death of Edgar Allen Poe, age of 40 |
| Defeat Franz Josef I | |
| Franz Josef I defeats the army led by Louis Kossuth |
| Defeat Kossuth, Louis | |
| Franz Josef I defeats the army led by Louis Kossuth |
| Diplomacy Franz Josef I | |
| 9th Sep Teplitz Meets Frederick William & offers joint administration of the German Confederation |
| Diplomacy Schwarzenburg, Felix zu | |
| 27th Aug Vienna Rejects a Prussian scheme of union |
| Election Bismarck-Schonhausen, Otto Furst von | |
| Erfurt Elected Member of the Erfurt Parliament, a Prussian representitive |
| Bismarck is elected to the Landtag |
| Erfurt Parliament Bismarck-Schonhausen, Otto Furst von | |
| Erfurt Appointed one of Prussia's representatives at the Erfurt Parliament, an assembly of German states that meets to discuss plans for union, but only in order to oppose that body's proposals more effectively |
| Erfurt The Erfurt Parliament fails to bring about unification because of the opposition of Prussia & Austria |
| Exile Ledru-Rollin, Alexandre-Auguste | |
| 13th June Paris Heads a provisionalGovernment for 2 hours before fleeing to England |
| Exile Kossuth, Lajos | |
| Aug Forced to flee to Turkey after the Russian invasion of Hungary |
| Exile Garibaldi, Guisseppe | |
| Aug Forced intoexile in South America |
| Exile of Kossuth Kossuth, Lajos | |
| Aug London Ends up in London |
| Exile Nicholas I | |
| Aug Helps drive out Hungary 's Nationalist leader, Kossuth |
| Gagernsche Program Gagern, Heinrich Wilhelm August Freiherr von | |
| 20th May The Gagernsche Program is accepted but endless constitutional debate leads to Gagern's resignation |
| Governor Young, Brigham | |
| Utah Appointed Governor of Utah |
| Independence Franz Josef I | |
| 14th April Budapest Hungary declares its independence |
| 14th April Budapest The "House of Habsburg is for ever deposed from sovereignty over Hungary " |
| Independence Schwarzenburg, Felix zu | |
| 14th April Vienna The Hungarian s proclaim Hungary independent of Austria |
| Independence Kossuth, Lajos | |
| 14th April Author of Hungary 's declaration of independence |
| 14th April Declaresindependence from Habsburg rule, although this proves to be temporary |
| 14th April Says that the "House of Habsburg is for ever deposed from sovereignty over Hungary " |
| Invasion of Austria Gorgey, Arthur von | |
| 3rd Oct The Hungarian s cross the Austria n border |
| Invasion of Hungary Kossuth, Lajos | |
| June Budapest Hungary is invaded by a Russian Army sent by Tzar Nicholas I to aid Franz Josej |
| Invasion of Hungary Nicholas I | |
| June Invades Hungary to assist Franz Josej against the Hungarian Nationalists |
| June Hungary is invaded by a Russian Army sent by Tsar Nicholas I to aid Franz Josef |
| Aug Helps drive out Hungary 's Nationalist leader, Kossuth |
| Minister of Interior Bach, Alexander Freiherr von | |
| Appointed Minister of the Interior |
| Minister of Justice Schmerling, Anto von | |
| Appointed Minister of Justice |
| Minister of War Gyulai | |
| Appointed Minister of War |
| Parliament Radowitz, Joseph von | |
| Erfurt Develops a union under Prussia & forces theConstitution through the Union Parliament |
| President Taylor, Zacharay | |
| Appointed President of the USA , 12th President |
| Prime Minister Pfordten, Ludwig von der | |
| Appointed Prime Minister of Bavaria, 1st term |
| Prime Minister Kriezis, Antonios |  |
| 24th Dec Appointed Prime Minister of Greece, 2nd term |
| Publication Gutzkow, Karl Ferdinand | |
| Publication of, "Der Konigsleutnant" |
| Publication Bronte, Charlotte | |
| Publication of, "Shirley" |
| Publication Dickens, Charles | |
| Publication of, "David Copperfield" |
| Rebellion Franz Josef I | |
| May Vienna Appeals to Tsar Nicholas for help in putting down the Hungarian rebellion |
| Aug Vienna Therebellion in Hungary is defeated & Kossuth forced into exile |
| Rebellion Schwarzenburg, Felix zu | |
| Aug The Hungarian army is defeated & Kossuth forced into exile |
| Rebellion Windisch-Gratz | |
| 28th Feb Vienna Crushes therebellion in Vienna |
| Rebellion Reshid Pasha, Mustufa |  |
| Samos The inhabitants of Samos rebel against Turkish rule |
| Reform Siccardi, Giuseppe | |
| 9th April Introduces a law reducing the power of the Catholic Church |
| 9th April Rome Introduces a law reducing the power of the Catholic Church |
| Reichstag Schwarzenburg, Felix zu | |
| 7th Mar Vienna Dissolves the Austria n Reichstag |
| Resignation Gagern, Heinrich Wilhelm August Freiherr von | |
| 20th May Resigns after the King of Prussia refuses his offer to be an elected German Emperor frustrating Gagern's plan for non-revolutionary German unification |
| Rule of Austria Franz Josef I | |
| 13th Aug Hungary 's General Gorgey surrenders to the Russian forces & Russia gives Hungary back to Austria |
| Rule of Hungary Gorgey, Arthur von | |
| 13th Aug Hungary 's General Gorgey surrenders to the Russian forces & Russia gives Hungary back to Austria |
| Rule of Hungary Nicholas I | |
| 13th Aug Hungary 's General Gorgey surrenders to the Russian forces & Russia gives Hungary back to Austria |
| Rule of India Singh, Ranjit | |
| Mar Punjab The British capture the Punjab |
| Rule of Punjab Singh, Ranjit | |
| Mar Punjab The British capture the Punjab |
| Rule of Samos Reshid Pasha, Mustufa | |
| Samos The inhabitants of Samos rebel against Turkish rule |
| Scandal Delaney, John | |
| Sicily John Delane of The Times reveals arms have been sent to Sicily |
| Scandal Temple, Henry John | |
| London John Delane of The Times reveals arms have been sent to Sicily |
| Siege of Rome Oudinot, Nicolas | |
| 24th April Rome Oudinot lays siege to Rome |
| 29th June Rome Oudinot forces Rome to capitulate |
| Siege of Rome Garibaldi, Guisseppe | |
| 30th April Rome Repels a French attack on Rome |
| 30th April Rome Repulses a French attack on Rome |
| 30th April Rome Takes command of Rome & repels a French attack |
| 29th June Rome Rome capitulates & Garibaldi retreats to Venice |
| 3rd July Rome The French enter Rome & Garibaldi withdraws the 4,000 republican army to San Marino |
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