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| Battle of Lech Tserclaes, Johann |  |
| 16th April Lech Withdraws to Bavaria but is injured holding to crossings of the River Lech
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| Battle of Lutzen John George I |  |
| 16th Nov Lutzen Troops are routed while fighting for the Protestant Alliance & negotiates for peace
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| Battle of Lutzen Wallenstein, Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von | |
| 16th Nov Lutzen The Imperial Army withdraws & Gustavus is killed in battle
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| Battle of Lutzen Gustavus II Adolphus |  |
| 16th Nov Lutzen Achieves victory but is killed in battle near Leipzig whilst leading a cavalry charge
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| Birth Spinoza, Baruch | |
| Amsterdam Birth of Baruch Spinoza
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| Capture Wallenstein, Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von | |
| Bohemia After being recalled drives the Swedes out of Bohemia
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| Colonel Baille, William |  |
| Appointed Colonel in the Swedish Army
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| Death Ferdinand II |  |
| 6th Sep With General Tilly dead, Ferdinand II turned to the aid of Wallenstein and his large army
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| Death Percy, Henry |  |
| 5th Nov Pepworth Death of Henry Percy
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| Death Wallenstein, Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von | |
| With General Tilly dead, Ferdinand II turns to the aid of Wallenstein and his large army
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| Death Tserclaes, Johann | |
| 30th April Ingolstadt Death of Johan Tserclaes Graf von Tilly, wounded holding the River Lech
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| Death Hidetada |  |
| Death of Hidetada
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| Death Gustavus II Adolphus | |
| 16th Nov Lutzen Killed at the battle of Lutzen
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| Death Murad IV |  |
| Has the leader of the Janissaries executed after crushing their rebellion
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| Declaration of War Michael |  |
| Outbreak of war with Poland
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| Election Wladyslaw IV Vasa |  |
| Elected to succeed his father
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| Execution Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis de |  |
| Paris One of the Languedoc rebel leaders, the Duc de Montmorency, is executed
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| Execution Murad IV | |
| Has the leader of the Janissaries executed after crushing their rebellion
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| General Wallenstein, Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von | |
| Appointed Commander of the German forces & almost becomes a Viceroy
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| Head of Regency Oxenstierna | |
| 16th Nov Stockholm Appointed Head of the Regency after the death of Gustav II
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| Invasion of Poland Wladyslaw IV Vasa | |
| Sep Russia invades Poland
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| Invasion of Poland Michael | |
| Sep Russia invades Poland
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| Rebellion Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis de | |
| 1st Sep Lannguedoc The Lannguedoc rebels are defeated
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| Rebellion Murad IV | |
| Jannissaries Crushes the rebellion of Jannissaries & embarks on a ruthless purge of the traitors
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| Regency Brahe | |
| Stockholm Appointed Regent 1st term
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| Siege of Smolensk Wladyslaw IV Vasa | |
| Smolensk Boris Shein lays siege to Smolensk
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| Siege of Smolensk Shein, Boris | |
| Smolensk Boris Shein lays siege to Smolensk
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| Succession Ladislas IV | |
| Succeeds as the King of Poland
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| Succession Wladyslaw IV Vasa | |
| Succeeds as King of Poland
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| Succession Christina | |
| Stockholm Succeeds as Queen of Sweden
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| Trial Galileo, Galilei |  |
| By the inquisition, forced to deny his belief in the Copernican system
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