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| Alliance Elizabeth I |  |
| 27th Feb Allows Elizabeth to protect Scotland
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| Alliance Howard, Thomas | |
| Jan Forth Forces the French to leave the Forth
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| 27th Feb Concludes an Alliance with the Scottish Lords
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| Amboise Conspiracy Catherine de Medici |  |
| Amboise The "Amboise conspiracy", or "Tumult of Amboise", the attempt on the part of a group of disaffected nobles (led by Jean du Barry, seigneur de la Renaudie) to abduct the young king and eliminate the Guise faction, is foiled
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| Amboise The Guise brothers suspected Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Cond‚ of leading the plot, and he was arrested but eventually freed for lack of evidence, adding to the tensions of the period
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| Amboise Conspiracy Charles IX | |
| Paris The "Amboise conspiracy", or "Tumult of Amboise", the attempt on the part of a group of disaffected nobles (led by Jean du Barry, seigneur de la Renaudie) to abduct the young king and eliminate the Guise faction, is foiled
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| Amboise Conspiracy Jean du Barry | |
| Amboise The "Amboise conspiracy", or "Tumult of Amboise", the attempt on the part of a group of disaffected nobles (led by Jean du Barry, seigneur de la Renaudie) to abduct the young king and eliminate the Guise faction, is foiled
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| Amboise Conspiracy Louis I de Bourbon | |
| 5th Dec Amboise The "Amboise conspiracy", or "Tumult of Amboise", the attempt on the part of a group of disaffected nobles (led by Jean du Barry, seigneur de la Renaudie) to abduct the young king and eliminate the Guise faction, is foiled
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| Arrest Louis I de Bourbon | |
| 5th Dec The King dies & Louis' death sentence is commuted, the Queen Mother needs his support
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| Battle of Lieth Elizabeth I | |
| Lieth French forces are starved into submission at Lieth
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| Battle of Prestonpans Elizabeth I | |
| 28th Mar Prestonpans Lord Grey is ordered to send the Army to join the Scots against the French
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| Birth Chodikiewicz, Jan Karol |  |
| Birth of Jan Chodikiewicz
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| Bishop Bullingham, Nicholas | |
| Lincoln Appointed Bishop of Lincoln
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| Bishop Innocent IX |  |
| Nicastro Appointed Bishop of Nicastro
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| Capture Oda, Nobunaga |  |
| Owari Defeats Yoshimoto & subjugates Owari Province
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| Capture Stewart, James |  |
| Edinburgh Recaptures Edinburgh with English help
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| Capture Suleyman I the Magnificent |  |
| Jerba The Turks capture Jerba
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| Death Dudley, Robert | |
| 8th Sep London Dudley's wife dies under suspicious circumstances
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| Death Elizabeth I | |
| 11th Sep London Announces the death of Dudley's wife
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| Death Hamilton, James | |
| When Francis II dies Hamilton attempts, without success, to arrange for his son James to marry the young widowed Queen Mary
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| Diplomacy Elizabeth I | |
| Edinburgh Scottish Lords propose Alliance with England
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| Edinburgh Scottish Lords want Arran to marry Elizabeth
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| London Scotland recognizes Elizabeth as Queen of England
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| Diplomacy Hepburn, James | |
| Paris Meets Mary Queen of Scots
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| Invasion of Scotland Elizabeth I | |
| 27th Feb the Scots provide a force for an invasion of Scotland by France
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| 15th July The English army withdraws from Scotland
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| Invasion of Scotland Mary of Guise | |
| Lieth French forces are starved into submission at Lieth
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| Invention Camera Obscura Porta, Battista | |
| Invents the Camera oobscura
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| Marriage Elizabeth I | |
| Edinburgh Scottish Lords want Arran to marry Elizabeth
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| Marriage Howard, Thomas | |
| 27th Feb Elizabeth takes over the protection of Scotland during Mary's mariage with the Dauphin
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| Marriage Seymour, Edward | |
| London Secretly marries Lady Catherine Grey, sister of Lady Jane Grey
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| Marriage Hamilton, James | |
| When Francis II dies Hamilton attempts, without success, to arrange for his son James to marry the young widowed Queen Mary
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| Marriage Hepburn, James | |
| Marries Anna Throndsson in Denmark
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| Marriage Philip II |  |
| 27th June Madrid Marries Elizabeth of Valois, daughter of Henry II of France
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| Mass Mary of Scots | |
| 16th Aug The Scottish Parliament prohibits Mass, under pain of death for a 3rd offence
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| Peerage Talbot | |
| Shrewsbury Created Earl of Shrewsbury, 6th
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| Plot Louis I de Bourbon | |
| Plots to capture Francis II, believes his elder brother should be Regent
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| Rebellion Knox, John | |
| St Giles Brands Mary a "Scottish whore" & from the pulpit of St Giles calls for her overthrow
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| Reform Elizabeth I | |
| Aug Elizabeth I is made Protector of the Scottish Church
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| Aug The Scottish Parliament carries out the Scottish Reformation
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| Reform Knox, John | |
| Draws up a code for the organization of the Church
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| Preaches full equality & election of ministers by their congregation
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| Reform Mary of Scots | |
| Aug Elizabeth I is made Protector
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| Aug The Scottish Parliament carries out the Scottish Reformation
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| 11th Aug The Scottish Parliament promulgates a Protestant confession of faith
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| 16th Aug The Scottish Parliament abolishes the Pope's jurisdiction
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| 16th Aug The Scottish Parliament prohibits Mass, under pain of death for a 3rd offence
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| Regency Catherine de Medici | |
| Appointed Regenet for her son Charles IX
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| Royal Occassion Elizabeth I | |
| Deptford Attends a mock naval battle held in Deptford
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| Scandal Dudley, Robert | |
| 8th Sep London An inquest says Dudley's wife's death was accidental
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| Siege of Forth Howard, Thomas | |
| 23rd Jan Forth Lands at Forth & sails for the communication line between Leith & the French
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| Siege of Leith Mary of Scots | |
| Aug Leith English troops besiege Leith, held by the queen regent, in aid of the "reformers"
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| Siege of Lieth Mary of Guise | |
| Lieth French forces are starved into submission at Lieth
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| St Basil's Cathedral Ivan IV the Terrible |  |
| Moscow Ivan IV (the Terrible) builds St. Basil's Cathedral, Red Square, Moscow; painted onion domes become symbol of Russia, epitome of Russo-Byzantine architecture
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| Succession Elizabeth I | |
| London Succeeds as Queen of England
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| Succession Catherine de Medici | |
| Paris Charles IX, succeeds as King of France, a kingdom ruled by his mother Catherine de Medici
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| Succession Charles IX | |
| Paris Charles IX, succeeds as King of France, a kingdom ruled by his mother Catherine de Medici
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| Succession Francis of Guise | |
| Dec After the accession of Charles IX, Fran‡ois de Guise lives in retirement on his estates
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| Succession Erik XIV |  |
| Stockholm Succeeds as King of Sweden
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| Suicide Elizabeth I | |
| 8th Sep London An inquest says Dudley's wife's death was accidental
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| 11th Sep London Possible suicide caused by Dudley's advances to Elizabeth
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| Treaty of Berwick Elizabeth I | |
| 27th Feb Berwick Concludes an anti French treaty with the Scottish Lords of the Congregation
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| 27th Feb Berwick England agrees to send Scotland support to preserve "their old freedom & liberty"
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| 27th Feb Berwick The English try to help Scottish Protestant Lords overthrow the Catholic Mary of Guise
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| Treaty of Berwick Mary of Guise | |
| 27th Feb Berwick England agrees to send Scotland support to preserve "their old freedom & liberty"
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| Treaty of Berwick Mary of Scots | |
| 27th Feb Berwick Signed by Lord James & Norfolk, England can intervene to help the "reformers"
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| Treaty of Edinburgh Cecil, William | |
| Calais Elizabeth is rejects the treaty because France does not recognise Calais as English
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| Edinburgh Secures the Treaty of Edinburgh with the French
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| Edinburgh The French agree to leave Scotland
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| Treaty of Edinburgh Elizabeth I | |
| 6th July Edinburgh Confirms the treaty of Cateau-Cambresis
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| 6th July Edinburgh English & French troops will withraw from Scotland
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| 6th July Edinburgh France & England will not interfere & hand over Government to a Scottish Council of 12
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| 6th July Edinburgh Under the treaty of Edinburgh Francis & Mary recognize Elizabeth I
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| Treaty of Edinburgh Mary of Scots | |
| 6th July Edinburgh English & French troops will withraw from Scotland
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| 6th July Edinburgh Under the treaty of Edinburgh Francis & Mary recognize Elizabeth I
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| Trial Louis I de Bourbon | |
| 31st Oct Sentenced to death for his part in the Conspiracy of Ambois
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| Westminster School Elizabeth I | |
| Westminster School Founds Westminster School
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